Course schedule

Jan 26 – An introduction to rural infrastructure (via Zoom)

We’ll start by exploring how to approach infrastructure as a social-scientific topic, and begin to examine the particular ways in which infrastructure matters in rural and remote communities.

‘Infrastructure’ may sound boring and technical. But when we’re talking about infrastructure in social science, what we’re really talking about is the forms of social life that large-scale technological systems (whether roads, sewage systems, telecommunications, or the internet) make possible. Infrastructure embodies social imagination of what our lives should be like and how they should be supported by technology, and shapes the everyday ways in which we live together.

Rural communities are often characterized by their infrastructural deficits compared to cities: the internet connections may be slow and glitchy, the bus may run infrequently or not at all, water may come from individual wells rather than from a communal water system. In this course, we’ll be understanding what infrastructure means when we take rural perspectives, experiences, and values as central, rather than viewing rural life from the perspective of urban designers, planners, and developers.

Required readings:

• Understanding infrastructure
  • Jackson, Steven J, Paul N Edwards, Geoffrey C Bowker, and Cory P Knobel. “Understanding Infrastructure: History, Heuristics and Cyberinfrastructure Policy.” First Monday 12, no. 6 (2007). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v12i6.1904
  • Star, Susan Leigh, and Karen Ruhleder. “Steps toward an Ecology of Infrastructure: Design and Access for Large Information Spaces.” Information Systems Research 7, no. 1 (1996): 111–34. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.7.1.111
• An introduction to infrastructure and rural life
  • Burrell, Jenna. “Thinking Relationally about Digital Inequality in Rural Regions of the US.” First Monday 23, no. 6 (2018). https://doi.org/10.5210/fm.v23i6.8376
  • Hardy, Jean, Chanda Phelan, Morgan Vigil-Hayes, Norman Makoto Su, Susan Wyche, and Phoebe Sengers. “Designing from the Rural.” Interactions 26, no. 4 (June 26, 2019): 37–41. https://doi.org/10.1145/3328487.

For further exploration:

• Hardy, Jean, Susan Wyche, and Tiffany Veinot. “Rural HCI Research: Definitions, Distinctions, Methods, and Opportunities.” Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 3, no. CSCW (November 2019). https://doi.org/10.1145/3359298.
• Hughes, Thomas P. Human-Built World: How to Think about Technology and Culture. Science.Culture. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2005. https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/H/bo3626290.html.
• Larkin, Brian. “The Politics and Poetics of Infrastructure.” Annual Review of Anthropology 42 (2013): 327–43.

Scholarly infrastructure: How to manage your reading load

Required reading: Edwards, Paul. How to Read A Book. https://pne.people.si.umich.edu/PDF/howtoread.pdf Last Accessed Jan 17, 2022.

My tip: Skim through this reading before tackling the others!

Feb 2 – The infrastructures of rural life (via Zoom)

In this class, we will explore how the forms of infrastructure available in rural communities shapes the texture of rural life. We will look at how rural residents navigate their lives with respect to the infrastructure that exists locally, and examine how specific forms of rural reality grow out of infrastructural possibility. What is it like to live with infrastructure in rural and remote places?

Guest visitor: Hilary Faxon, Berkeley

Required readings

For further exploration:

• Dunnett, Oliver. “Contested Landscapes: The Moral Geographies of Light Pollution in Britain.” Cultural Geographies 22, no. 4 (2015): 619–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474474014542746
• Showalter, Esther, Nicole Moghaddas, Morgan Vigil-Hayes, Ellen Zegura, and Elizabeth Belding. “Indigenous Internet: Nuances of Native American Internet Use.” In Proceedings of the Tenth International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies and Development, 1–4. ICTD ’19. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3287098.3287141.
• Vannini, Phillip. Ferry Tales: Mobility, Place, and Time on Canada’s West Coast. Routledge, 2012.

Scholarly infrastructure: Design principles for personal scholarly archives

Required reading:

• Kaye, Joseph “Jofish,” Janet Vertesi, Shari Avery, Allan Dafoe, Shay David, Lisa Onaga, Ivan Rosero, and Trevor Pinch. “To Have and to Hold: Exploring the Personal Archive.” In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 275–84. CHI ’06. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1145/1124772.1124814.

Feb 9 – On the edge of infrastructure (expected in-person/hybrid)

Infrastructure in rural and remote areas is underprovided, more liable to breakdown, and less likely to be repaired. This leads to a discourse around infrastructure in those regions that highlights a need to ‘catch up’ to the city. But what this discourse misses is how remoteness is also produced by infrastructure. The margins or edges of infrastructure – the places that are hard to get to or to communicate with – become by definition the places that are remote.

Here, we examine marginality as a structural factor in the production of rural infrastructure. Building on analysis of centers and peripheries in technology design, we look at how rural places are systematically excluded in the design of infrastructure.

Guest visitor: Jean Hardy, MSU

Required readings:

• Theory
  • Massey, Doreen. “Power-Geometry and a Progressive Sense of Place.” In The Doreen Massey Reader, edited by Brett Christophers, Rebecca Lave, and Marion Werner, 149–57. Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom: Agenda Publishing, 2018.
  • Tsing, Anna Lowenhaupt. “From the Margins.” Cultural Anthropology 9, no. 3 (1994): 279–97. https://www.jstor.org/stable/656363
• Case studies
  • Hardy, Jean. “How the Design of Social Technology Fails Rural America.” In Companion Publication of the 2019 on Designing Interactive Systems Conference 2019 Companion, 189–93. DIS ’19 Companion. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1145/3301019.3323906
  • Leal, Débora De Castro, Max Krüger, Vanessa Teles E. Teles, Carlos Antônio Teles E. Teles, Denise Machado Cardoso, Dave Randall, and Volker Wulf. “Digital Technology at the Edge of Capitalism: Experiences from the Brazilian Amazon Rainforest.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 28, no. 3 (May 27, 2021): 18:1-18:39. https://doi.org/10.1145/3448072.
  • Melvin, Roberta M., and Andrea Bunt. “Designed for Work, but Not from Here: Rural and Remote Perspectives on Networked Technology.” In Proceedings of the Designing Interactive Systems Conference, 176–85. DIS ’12. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1145/2317956.2317984.

For further exploration:

• Bidwell, Nicola J. “Rural Uncommoning: Women, Community Networks and the Enclosure of Life.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 28, no. 3 (July 29, 2021): 19:1-19:50. https://doi.org/10.1145/3445793.
• Salemink, Koen, Dirk Strijker, and Gary Bosworth. “Rural Development in the Digital Age: A Systematic Literature Review on Unequal ICT Availability, Adoption, and Use in Rural Areas.” Journal of Rural Studies 54 (2017): 360–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2015.09.001
• Tuck, Eve. “Suspending Damage: A Letter to Communities.” Harvard Educational Review 79, no. 3 (October 6, 2009): 409–28. https://doi.org/10.17763/haer.79.3.n0016675661t3n15.

Scholarly infrastructure: Organizing your readings and notes

Feb 16 – Infrastructure as an expression of rural-urban relations

Infrastructures are shared platforms for human action; as such, they often connect urban and rural places. As a consequence, infrastructure reflects the charged relationship between the two; for example, urban engineers may not realize the degree to which the infrastructure they are designing is poorly matched to rural practices. In this class, we’ll look at how rural infrastructure is shaped and experienced as mediating between rural and urban places, concerns, and values.

Required readings:

• Burrell, Jenna. “On Half-Built Assemblages: Waiting for a Data Center in Prineville, Oregon.” Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 6 (June 20, 2020): 283–305. https://doi.org/10.17351/ests2020.447.
• Interrante, Joseph. “You Can’t Go to Town in a Bathtub: Automobile Movement and the Reorganization of Rural American Space, 1900–1930.” Radical History Review 1979, no. 21 (1979): 151–68. https://doi.org/10.1215/01636545-1979-21-151
• Kumar, Ankit, and Robert Shaw. “Transforming Rural Light and Dark under Planetary Urbanisation: Comparing Ordinary Countrysides in India and the UK.” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 45, no. 1 (2020): 155–67. https://doi.org/10.1111/tran.12342
• Watts, Laura.  Energy at the End of the World. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2019. Read only: Prologue; Arrival; and Saga 1: Making Orkney Electrons.

For further exploration:

• Kline, Ronald, and Trevor Pinch. “Users as Agents of Technological Change: The Social Construction of the Automobile in the Rural United States.” Technology and Culture 37, no. 4 (1996): 763–95. https://doi.org/10.2307/3107097
• Scott, Rebecca. “The Sociology of Coal Hollow: Safety, Othering, and Representations of Inequality.” Journal of Appalachian Studies, 2009, 7–25. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41446816
• Walsh, Katherine Cramer. “Putting Inequality in Its Place: Rural Consciousness and the Power of Perspective.” American Political Science Review 106, no. 3 (August 2012): 517–32. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055412000305

Scholarly infrastructure: Reading critically and graciously

Feb 23 – Rural values and experiences

In this class, we’re looking to develop understandings of infrastructure that arise from and reflect specifically rural perspectives. This week, we’ll immerse ourselves in rural lives as a starting point for our rural-centric views on infrastructure for the rest of the semester. Your reading for this week is choose-your-own-adventure: you’ll select your own reading in the form of any qualitative social-scientific or historical book that describes the textures of life in a specific rural community. The examples below are provided to spark your imagination. You may choose from them if you wish, or select a different book relevant to your own interests or projects (pass your choice by me for the OK before you dive in!).

• Howell, Angela McMillan. Raised Up Down Yonder: Growing Up Black in Rural Alabama. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2013.
• Mowat, Claire. The Outport People. Reprinted edition. Toronto: McClelland & Stewart, 1983.
• Ogden, Laura A. Swamplife: People, Gators, and Mangroves Entangled in the Everglades. University of Minnesota Press, 2011.
• Rogers, Susan Carol. Shaping Modern Times in Rural France: The Transformation and Reproduction of an Aveyronnais Community. Princeton University Press, 1991.
• Scott, James C. The Art of Not Being Governed: An Anarchist History of Upland Southeast Asia. Illustrated edition. New Haven London: Yale University Press, 2010.
• Tsing, Anna Lowenhaupt. In the Realm of the Diamond Queen: Marginality in an out-of-the-Way Place. Princeton University Press, 1993.
• Wylie, Laurence William. Village in the Vaucluse. Harvard University Press, 2009.

It’s important in reading academic work about rural places to not simply read these as transparent views into rural communities, but to recognize the fraught relationship between university researchers and rural residents. Academics bring their own agendas to rural communities. The resulting works often (necessarily) represent rural communities by and for metropolitan audiences. In so doing, they can reproduce metropolitan biases about the nature and value of rural life. This week’s ‘for further exploration’ articles are helpful for enriching your perspective on these issues or preparing yourself for addressing them in your own research.

For further exploration:

• DeVita, Philip R. “Greasy Hands and Smelly Clothes; Fieldworker or Fisherman.” In Stumbling Toward Truth: Anthropologists at Work, 156–64. Waveland Press, 2000.
• Downes, Natalie, Jillian Marsh, Philip Roberts, Jo-Anne Reid, Melyssa Fuqua, and John Guenther. “Valuing the Rural: Using an Ethical Lens to Explore the Impact of Defining, Doing and Disseminating Rural Education Research.” In Ruraling Education Research: Connections Between Rurality and the Disciplines of Educational Research, edited by Philip Roberts and Melyssa Fuqua, 265–85. Singapore: Springer, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0131-6_18.
• Driscoll, Catherine. “Subjects of Distance.” Cultural Studies 27, no. 2 (March 1, 2013): 186–206. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502386.2012.738636.

Required “read”ing: Roache, Rebecca. “But I haven’t earned a rest!” The Academic Imperfectionist Podcast. https://www.academicimperfectionist.com/podcast/but-i-havent-earned-a-rest Last accessed January 17, 2022.

February 26-March 1: February break

March 9 – Do-it-yourself infrastructure

Note: class will be via Zoom only due to travel conflict.

Because of scale issues, rural infrastructure is often built and maintained by rural residents themselves. In this class, we’ll look at how and why rural communities create and maintain their own infrastructure.

• Kline, Ronald R. Introduction and Chapter 1: “(Re)inventing the Telephone.” Consumers in the Country: Technology and Social Change in Rural America. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2000.
• Sandvig, Christian. “Connection at Ewiiaapaayp Mountain: Indigenous Internet Infrastructure.” In Race after the Internet, 174–206. Routledge, 2013.

For further exploration:

Milestone due: Formal proposal for final paper

March 16 – Rural repair

Far from sources for parts and repair expertise, repair is often a significant issue for rural infrastructure. In this class, we’ll look at the role of tinkering and repair in rural communities, and examine how technology design exacerbates or could alleviate issues in rural repair.

Required reading:

• Akrich, Madeleine. “The De-Scription of Technical Objects.” In Shaping Technology, Building Society: Studies in Sociotechnical Change, edited by Wiebe Bijker and John Law, 205–24. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1992. (Available on-line through the Cornell library)
• Carolan, Michael. “‘Smart’ Farming Techniques as Political Ontology: Access, Sovereignty and the Performance of Neoliberal and Not-So-Neoliberal Worlds.” Sociologia Ruralis 58, no. 4 (2018): 745–64. https://doi.org/10.1111/soru.12202.
• Higgins, Vaughan, Melanie Bryant, Andrea Howell, and Jane Battersby. “Ordering Adoption: Materiality, Knowledge and Farmer Engagement with Precision Agriculture Technologies.” Journal of Rural Studies 55 (October 1, 2017): 193–202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2017.08.011.
• Jang, Esther Han Beol, Philip Garrison, Ronel Vincent Vistal, Maria Theresa D. Cunanan, Maria Theresa Perez, Philip Martinez, Matthew William Johnson, et al. “Trust and Technology Repair Infrastructures in the Remote Rural Philippines: Navigating Urban-Rural Seams.” Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 3, no. CSCW (November 7, 2019): 99:1-99:25. https://doi.org/10.1145/3359201.

For further exploration:

• Garrison, Philip, Esther Han Beol Jang, Michael A. Lithgow, and Nicolás Andrés Pace. “‘The Network Is an Excuse’: Hardware Maintenance Supporting Community.” Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 5, no. CSCW2 (October 18, 2021): 464:1-464:20. https://doi.org/10.1145/3479608.
• Jackson, Steven J. “Rethinking Repair.” In Media Technologies: Essays on Communication, Materiality, and Society, edited by Tarleton Gillespie, Pablo Boczkowski, and Kirsten Foot, 221–39. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2014. https://sjackson.infosci.cornell.edu/RethinkingRepairPROOFS(reduced)Aug2013.pdf
• Jackson, Steven J., Alex Pompe, and Gabriel Krieshok. “Repair Worlds: Maintenance, Repair, and ICT for Development in Rural Namibia.” In Proceedings of the ACM 2012 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, 107–16. CSCW ’12. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1145/2145204.2145224.
• Laet, Marianne de, and Annemarie Mol. “The Zimbabwe Bush Pump: Mechanics of a Fluid Technology.” Social Studies of Science 30, no. 2 (April 1, 2000): 225–63. https://doi.org/10.1177/030631200030002002.
• Von Schnitzler, Antina. “Traveling Technologies: Infrastructure, Ethical Regimes, and the Materiality of Politics in South Africa.” Cultural Anthropology 28, no. 4 (2013): 670–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/cuan.12032.

Scholarly infrastructure: Doing a targeted lit review

Milestone due: List of outside readings that you are considering drawing on

March 23 – Rural innovation 1 

We often think of rural places as ‘behind’ when it comes to technology. But rural marginality can also be a propellant of innovation. As Baldacchino writes of islands,

Being on the edge, being out of sight and so out of mind, exposes the weakness of mainstream ideas, orthodoxies, and paradigms and foments alternatives to the status quo. Islands are thus propelled as sites of innovative conceptualizations, whether of nature or human enterprise, whether virtual or real. They stand out as sites of novelty; they tend toward clairvoyance; they are disposed to act as advance indicators or extreme reproductions of what is present or future elsewhere. (p. 165)

This week and next, we’ll look at the role of rural places as cradles of technological innovation.

Required reading:

• Watts, Laura.  Energy at the End of the World. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2019. Read only: Saga 2: Making Energy Futures, Saga 3: Making Marine Energy, and Epilogue

For further exploration:

• Baldacchino, Godfrey. “Islands as Novelty Sites.” Geographical Review 97, no. 2 (2007): 165–74. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1931-0846.2007.tb00396.x

Scholarly infrastructure: Students’ choice

March 30 – Rural innovation 2

Required reading:

• Wang, Xiaowei. Blockchain Chicken Farm: And Other Stories of Tech in China’s Countryside. FSG Originals, 2020.

For further exploration:

• Chan, Anita. Networking peripheries: Technological futures and the myth of digital universalism. MIT Press, 2013.

Scholarly infrastructure: Readjusting your project plan

April 2-April 10: Spring break

April 13 – Measuring and governing rural practices 1: Fishing

In the age of big data, one of the roles of rural infrastructure is to govern rural practices by measuring and optimizing natural resource extraction. This week, we’ll look at how pervasive measurement has shifted practices in the fishery, as modeling of fish populations is used to control rates of fishing. We’ll look specifically at how overconfidence in the accuracy of the data and modeling process have led to the destruction of the fishery.

Required readings:

• Theory
  • Pine, Kathleen H., and Max Liboiron. “The Politics of Measurement and Action.” In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 3147–56. CHI ’15. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702298.
  • Verran, Helen. “The Changing Lives of Measures and Values: From Centre Stage in the Fading ‘Disciplinary’ Society to Pervasive Background Instrument in the Emergent ‘Control’ Society.” The Sociological Review 59 (2011): 60–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954X.2012.02059.x
• Case study
  • Bavington, Dean. “From Hunting Fish to Managing Populations: Fisheries Science and the Destruction of Newfoundland Cod Fisheries.” Science as Culture 19, no. 4 (2010): 509–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/09505431.2010.519615

For further exploration:

• Bavington, Dean. Managed Annihilation: An Unnatural History of the Newfoundland Cod Collapse. UBC Press, 2010.
• Bear, Christopher. “Assembling the Sea: Materiality, Movement and Regulatory Practices in the Cardigan Bay Scallop Fishery.” Cultural Geographies 20, no. 1 (2013): 21–41.
• Holmer, Hronn Brynjarsdóttir. Fishing for Data. Ann Arbor, Michigan: ProQuest Information and Learning, 2018. https://doi.org/10.7298/X43R0R4P.
• Levings, Colin. “The Fishery Technology Complex: From Mapping to Depletion of Pacific Ocean Perch, 1880s–1970s.” Technology and Culture 62, no. 1 (2021): 185–211.
• LaRiviere, Chantel M., and Stephen S. Crawford. “Indigenous Principles of Wild Harvest and Management: An Ojibway Community as a Case Study.” Human Ecology 41, no. 6 (2013): 947–60.
• Reid, Andrea J., Lauren E. Eckert, John-Francis Lane, Nathan Young, Scott G. Hinch, Chris T. Darimont, Steven J. Cooke, Natalie C. Ban, and Albert Marshall. “‘Two-Eyed Seeing’: An Indigenous Framework to Transform Fisheries Research and Management.” Fish and Fisheries 22, no. 2 (2021): 243–61. https://doi.org/10.1111/faf.12516.

Milestone due: Annotated bibliography (note unusual day: due April 14 @ 11pm)

Scholarly infrastructure: Student’s choice

April 20 – Measuring and governing rural practices 2: Farming

This week, we’ll continue discussions of how rural practices are measured and governed by looking at the role of digital agriculture, technologies which use data collection to improve the efficiency or productivity of farming practices. Attempts to use such digital technologies date back several decades to the rise of what was then termed ‘precision farming;’ we’ll explore the hopes being pinned on these technologies, the mythologies they are embedded in, and evaluate their likely impacts.

Required readings:

• Bronson, Kelly. “Looking through a Responsible Innovation Lens at Uneven Engagements with Digital Farming.” NJAS-Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences 90–91, no. December (2019): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.njas.2019.03.001
• Miles, Christopher. “The Combine Will Tell the Truth: On Precision Agriculture and Algorithmic Rationality.” Big Data & Society 6, no. 1 (2019): 2053951719849444.
• Steup, Rosemary, Lynn Dombrowski, and Norman Makoto Su. “Feeding the World with Data: Visions of Data-Driven Farming.” In Proceedings of the 2019 on Designing Interactive Systems Conference, 1503–15, 2019.
• Wolf, Steven A, and Spencer D Wood. “Precision Farming: Environmental Legitimation, Commodification of Information, and Industrial Coordination 1.” Rural Sociology 62, no. 2 (1997): 180–206.

For further exploration:

• Biggs, Heidi, Tejaswini Joshi, Ries Murphy, Jeffrey Bardzell, and Shaowen Bardzell. “Alternatives to Agrilogistics: Designing for Ecological Thinking.” Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 5, no. CSCW2 (October 18, 2021): 413:1-413:31. https://doi.org/10.1145/3479557.
• Bronson, Kelly, and Irena Knezevic. “Big Data in Food and Agriculture.” Big Data & Society 3, no. 1 (2016): 2053951716648174.
• Carolan, Michael. “Acting like an Algorithm: Digital Farming Platforms and the Trajectories They (Need Not) Lock-In.” Agriculture and Human Values 37, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 1041–53. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10460-020-10032-w.
• Duncan, Emily, Alesandros Glaros, Dennis Z. Ross, and Eric Nost. “New but for Whom? Discourses of Innovation in Precision Agriculture.” Agriculture and Human Values 38, no. 4 (2021): 1181–99.
• Freidberg, Susanne. “‘Unable to Determine’: Limits to Metrical Governance in Agricultural Supply Chains.” Science, Technology, & Human Values 45, no. 4 (2020): 738–60.
• Liu, Jen, and Phoebe Sengers. “Legibility and the Legacy of Racialized Dispossession in Digital Agriculture.” Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. 5, no. CSCW2 (October 2021). https://doi.org/10.1145/3479867.
• Wolfert, Sjaak, Lan Ge, Cor Verdouw, and Marc-Jeroen Bogaardt. “Big Data in Smart Farming–a Review.” Agricultural Systems 153 (2017): 69–80.

Scholarly infrastructure: Painless outlining

Required reading:

• Carr, David. The No-Stress Way for Writers to Outline.  https://www.thebookdesigner.com/2011/11/no-stress-outlining/ Last Accessed Jan 17, 2022.

April 27 – Centering rural values in design

Our work across this semester has examined how rural communities have grappled and are grappling with infrastructures which are often designed by and for other communities. As we wrap up the semester, we’ll turn our view to the future: how could or should infrastructures be designed to foster rural values, experiences, and practices?

Required reading:

• Bidwell, Nicola J., Thomas Reitmaier, Carlos Rey-Moreno, Zukile Roro, Masbulele Jay Siya, and Bongiwe Dlutu. “Timely Relations in Rural Africa.” IFIP 2013 Conferences, 2013.
• Su, Norman Makoto, and EunJeong Cheon. “Reconsidering Nature: The Dialectics of Fair Chase in the Practices of American Midwest Hunters.” In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 6089–6100. CHI ’17. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025966.
• Sultana, Sharifa, Md. Mobaydul Haque Mozumder, and Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed. “Chasing Luck: Data-Driven Prediction, Faith, Hunch, and Cultural Norms in Rural Betting Practices.” In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–17. 89. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1145/3411764.3445047.
• Wyche, Susan, Jennifer Olson, and Mary Njeri Karanu. “Redesigning agricultural hand tools in Western Kenya: Considering human-centered design in ICTD.” Information Technologies & International Development 15 (2019): 16.

For further exploration:

• Crabtree, Andy, and Alan Chamberlain. “Making IT ‘Pay a Bit Better’: Design Challenges for Micro Rural Enterprise.” In Proceedings of the 17th ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing, 687–96. CSCW ’14. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1145/2531602.2531618
• Jang, Esther, Mary Claire Barela, Matt Johnson, Philip Martinez, Cedric Festin, Margaret Lynn, Josephine Dionisio, and Kurtis Heimerl. “Crowdsourcing Rural Network Maintenance and Repair via Network Messaging.” In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 67:1-67:12. CHI ’18. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173641.
• Robinson, Sarah, Nicola J. Bidwell, Roberto Cibin, Conor Linehan, Laura Maye, John Mccarthy, Nadia Pantidi, and Maurizio Teli. “Rural Islandness as a Lens for (Rural) HCI.” ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 28, no. 3 (May 27, 2021): 20:1-20:32. https://doi.org/10.1145/3443704.
• Sultana, Sharifa, François Guimbretière, Phoebe Sengers, and Nicola Dell. “Design Within a Patriarchal Society: Opportunities and Challenges in Designing for Rural Women in Bangladesh.” In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–13. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2018. http://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3174110.
• Sultana, Sharifa, Zinnat Sultana, and Syed Ishtiaque Ahmed. “Parareligious-HCI: Designing for ‘Alternative’ Rationality in Rural Wellbeing in Bangladesh.” In Extended Abstracts of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 1–13. CHI EA ’20. Honolulu, HI, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1145/3334480.3381819.

Scholarly infrastructure: Students’ choice

Milestone due: First draft outline of your final project paper (note unusual time: 11pm)

May 4 – Paper presentations

Note: Class will be rescheduled due to travel conflict

May 16 – Final paper due